Janumet (sitagliptin/metformin) is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It combines two active ingredients: sitagliptin, which helps regulate blood sugar levels by stimulating insulin secretion, and metformin, which reduces glucose production in the liver and improves insulin sensitivity.
Composition:
Janumet contains two active ingredients: sitagliptin and metformin. The strength of sitagliptin may vary from 50mg to 100mg, while the strength of metformin is generally 500mg or 1000mg. The inactive ingredients include microcrystalline cellulose, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, and sodium starch glycolate.
Uses:
Janumet is used to manage blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. This medication is typically used when metformin alone is not sufficient to control blood sugar levels. Janumet is only recommended for adults, and should not be used to treat type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis.
Usage and Dosage:
Janumet should be taken as directed by a healthcare provider. The recommended starting dose is one tablet once or twice per day, with meals. The dose may vary depending on the patient’s fasting blood sugar level, response to medication, and other factors. Patients should not take more than 100 mg sitagliptin and 2000 mg metformin per day.
Storage Conditions:
Janumet should be stored at room temperature, between 20-25 degrees Celsius. The medication should be kept in its original packaging and kept out of the reach of children.
Mechanism of Action:
Janumet works by regulating blood sugar levels through two distinct mechanisms. Sitagliptin inhibits the activity of DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4), an enzyme that breaks down incretin hormones. These hormones stimulate insulin secretion in response to glucose, which in turn reduces glucose production by the liver. Metformin works by reducing glucose production in the liver and improving insulin sensitivity, which allows the body to better respond to insulin.
Contraindications:
Janumet should not be used in patients with type 1 diabetes, diabetic ketoacidosis, or severe renal impairment. The medication is also contraindicated in patients who have a history of allergic reaction to sitagliptin or metformin.
Interactions:
Janumet may interact with certain medications, including cimetidine, rifampin, and insulin. Patients should consult their healthcare provider before taking any new medications while taking Janumet.
Side Effects:
Common side effects of Janumet may include nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, headache, and dizziness. Serious side effects may include lactic acidosis, acute pancreatitis, and allergic reactions. Patients experiencing severe symptoms should contact their healthcare provider immediately.
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